General Laboratory Requirements according to WHO and arc2lab
arc2lab is aware that the world is undergoing a rapid pace of scientific and technological innovation, and that the way laboratories are designed and built has radically transformed. Research success depends not only on the instruments and knowledge of the staff, but also on the facilities meeting strict requirements that guarantee efficiency, safety, and flexibility.
The User at the Center of Design in Laboratories
Every laboratory must start from the fundamental premise that each space is configured according to the real needs of its user. This involves defining work processes based on the flow of samples, personnel, and materials. By mapping out these routes, the goal is to optimize operations and avoid bottlenecks that could hinder the progress of critical projects. Supply consumption demands and internal dynamics are, therefore, the starting point for an intelligent and functional design.
Architecture and Distribution: The Basis of Innovation
The architectural appearance and internal layout are key elements in the planning of a modern laboratory. Current designs propose that the basic form of a laboratory be scalable and subdivisible, allowing the configuration of main and secondary units according to the needs of the project. This modularity facilitates adaptation to changes or expansions and, in the case of subdivision by more than one central body, requires at least two independent emergency exits to comply with safety regulations.
One of the most specific aspects is the height of the room: a minimum free height of more than 3.6 meters is required, while the utility area must measure at least 2.8 meters. Furthermore, laboratories must have adequate surfaces. The use of conductive rubber floors accompanied by firmly connected baseboards is considered preferable to ensure a safe environment that is resistant to potential spills or wear and tear. Walls should be designed to give the space a sense of openness and transparency, facilitating internal traffic routes, while in general, the use of ceilings is limited to exceptional situations where it is justified. Finally, aspects such as the size and opening of doors with ideal dimensions of 1.35 x 2.55 m and an opening angle of 180° are decisive for the transport and installation of bulky elements, such as extractor hoods, contributing to smooth and safe circulation.
Support Structure: Flexibility and Robustness
To ensure the laboratory can adapt to multiple needs, the support structure must be as flexible as possible. The use of a centerline grid with spacing of 7.0 to 7.5 meters is recommended, allowing for individual configuration of each laboratory layout. Likewise, the area designated for each laboratory should range between 50 and 70 m².
Load-bearing capacity is another key factor: a standard laboratory can support a load of 750 kg or 500 kg/m² (equivalent to 7.5 or 5 kN/m²), while in the case of renovations, a minimum load of more than 350 kg/m² (>3.5 kN/m²) must be ensured. This structural approach not only ensures the physical safety of the facility but also allows for optimal use of space, adapting to the demands of increasingly sophisticated equipment.
Mechanics and Electrical: The Connection with Technology
No modern laboratory can function without a robust technical infrastructure system. The specifications include planning for mechanical and electrical requirements for both technical centers, shafts, and primary supply lines, as well as for future expansions to secondary lines. The idea is that the design will initially focus on connecting the laboratory to supply lines from circulation areas (such as hallways) and then integrate the furniture from the top of the space.
In addition, individual barriers are established for each standard laboratory, and the importance of complying with health and safety regulations is emphasized. These requirements ensure that, from furniture installation to energy management, the entire system is designed to minimize risks and facilitate maintenance, creating a working environment where technology and daily operations blend harmoniously.
Towards a New Era in Laboratory Design with arc2lab
At arc2lab, the integration of each of these elements—from the detailed consideration of users, flexibility in spatial layout, the assumption of specific structural loads, and the commitment to first-class mechanical and electrical infrastructure—demonstrates that the future of scientific research is linked to the ability to transform workspaces. Modern laboratory design no longer focuses solely on functionality, but rather on creating comprehensive environments that drive innovation, ensure safety, and adapt to the changing demands of knowledge.
This holistic vision not only promises advancements in process efficiency but also sets a precedent for how spaces dedicated to science are perceived and utilized. With an approach that ranges from the planning of every detail to the implementation of advanced technical systems, the laboratories of the future are positioned as epicenters of innovation and creativity.